@article{317,
  keywords = {Granular flow, Montserrat, Soufrière Hills Volcano, Submarine pyroclastic flow, turbidity current},
  author = {Jessica Trofimovs and Stephen Sparks and Peter Talling},
  title = {Anatomy of a submarine pyroclastic flow and associated turbidity current: July 2003 dome collapse, Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat, West Indies},
  abstract = {The 12 to 13 July 2003 andesite lava dome collapse at the Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat, provides the first opportunity to document comprehensively both the sub-aerial and submarine sequence of events for an eruption. Numerous pyroclastic flows entered the ocean during the collapse, depositing approximately 90\% of the total material into the submarine environment. During peak collapse conditions, as the main flow penetrated the air\textendashocean interface, phreatic explosions were observed and a surge cloud decoupled from the main flow body to travel 2 to 3 km over the ocean surface before settling. The bulk of the flow was submerged and rapidly mixed with sea water forming a water-saturated mass flow. Efficient sorting and physical differentiation occurred within the flow before initial deposition at 500 m water depth. The coarsest components (\~60\% of the total volume) were deposited proximally from a dense granular flow, while the finer components (\~40\%) were efficiently elutriated into the overlying part of the flow, which evolved into a far-reaching turbidity current.},
  year = {2008},
  journal = {Sedimentology},
  volume = {55},
  number = {3},
  pages = {617-634},
  publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
  isbn = {1365-3091},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2007.00914.x},
}