01870nas a2200409   4500000000100000008004100001260001600042100001800058700001500076700001700091700002400108700001900132700001700151700001500168700001500183700001800198700001600216700001700232700001200249700001800261700001700279700001800296700002000314700001900334700002100353700001900374700001800393700001700411700001600428700001800444700002100462245008800483300001400571490000800585520085300593022001401446       2023                            d  c2023 Sep 081 aMichael Clare1 aIsobel Yeo1 aSally Watson1 aRichard Wysoczanski1 aSarah Seabrook1 aKevin Mackay1 aJames Hunt1 aEmily Lane1 aPeter Talling1 aEdward Pope1 aShane Cronin1 aMarta o1 aTaaniela Kula1 aDavid Tappin1 aStuart Henrys1 aCornel de Ronde1 aMorelia Urlaub1 aStefan Kutterolf1 aSamuiela Fonua1 aSemisi Panuve1 aDean Veverka1 aRonald Rapp1 aValey Kamalov1 aMichael Williams00aFast and destructive density currents created by ocean-entering volcanic eruptions.  a1085-10920 v3813 a<p>Volcanic eruptions on land create hot and fast pyroclastic density currents, triggering tsunamis or surges that travel over water where they reach the ocean. However, no field study has documented what happens when large volumes of erupted volcanic material are instead delivered directly into the ocean. We show how the rapid emplacement of large volumes of erupted material onto steep submerged slopes triggered extremely fast (122 kilometers per hour) and long-runout (>100 kilometers) seafloor currents. These density currents were faster than those triggered by earthquakes, floods, or storms, and they broke seafloor cables, cutting off a nation from the rest of the world. The deep scours excavated by these currents are similar to those around many submerged volcanoes, providing evidence of large eruptions at other sites worldwide.</p>  a1095-9203